Ongoing research

 
 

Dystonia

Dystonia is a chronic neurological movement disorder, characterized by excessive muscle activity leading to abnormal movement and posture. Dystonia is considered to be a brain network disorder, but the network(s) involved in dystonia are still relatively poorly known. In our ongoing research projects, we investigate the neurobiology of dystonia using MRI and PET imaging, and use brain stimulation to probe potential new treatment targets. Representative publications:

Corp DT, Greenwood C, Morrison-Ham J, Pullinen J, McDowall G, Younger E, Jinnah H, Fox MD, Joutsa J. Clinical and structural findings in patients with lesion-induced dystonia: Descriptive and quantitative analysis of published cases. Neurology 2022.

Corp DT*,Joutsa J*, Darby RR, Delnooz CCS, van den Warrenburg BPC, Ren J, Batla A, Bhatia KP, Jinnah HA, Liu H, Fox MD. Network localization of cervical dystonia based on causal brain lesions. Brain 2019;142(6):1660-74.

 

Parkinson’s disease and tremor

Parkinsonism is a symptom complex including slowness of movement, muscle stiffness and rest tremor. Parkinson’s disease is the most common cause of parkinsonism. One of the main differential diagnostic conditions are tremor syndromes. Although are classified as movement disorders, they also are associated with several non-motor symptoms. We have several ongoing projects investigating Parkinson’s disease and tremors, and work in close collaboration with the movement disorders group led by Prof. Valtteri Kaasinen at Turku University Hospital. Representative publications:

Jaakkola E, Huovinen A, Kaasinen V, Joutsa J. No change in prevalence of impulse control disorder behaviors in Parkinson’s disease during the last decade. Mov Disord. 2021;36(2):521-3.

Joutsa J*, Shih LC*, Fox MD. Mapping holmes tremor circuit using the human brain connectome. Ann Neurol. 2019;86(6):812-820.

Joutsa J, Horn A, Hsu J, Fox MD. Localization of parkinsonism based on focal brain lesions. Brain 2018;141(8):2445-56.

 

addiction

Why some people become addicted to drugs or gambling? Despite decades of research, the brain circuits, neurotransmitter systems and especially effective treatment targets in addiction disorders remain to be characterized. Behavioral (i.e. non-substance) addictions offer a unique opportunity to investigate the neurobiology of addiction without confounding effects of long-lasting substance use. Our research work on this topic mainly focuses on gambling disorder, which is the most well-known type of behavioral addiction. Representative publications:

Joutsa J*, Moussawi K*, Siddiqi SH*, Abdolahi A, Drew W, Cohen AL, Ross TJ, Deshpande HU, Wang HZ, Bruss J, Stein EA, Volkow ND, Grafman JH, Winjngaarden EV, Boes AD, Fox MD. Brain lesions disrupting addiction map to a common human brain circuit. Nat Med. 2022;28(6):1249-1255.

Joutsa J, Johansson J, Niemelä S, Ollikainen A, Hirvonen MM, Piepponen P, Voon V, Arponen E, Alho H, Rinne JO, Hietala J, Kaasinen V. Mesolimbic dopamine release during gambling is linked to symptom severity in pathological gambling. NeuroImage. 2012;60(4):1992-9.

 

brain stimulation

Brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS), are increasingly used to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders. Currently, it is possible to stimulate almost any part of the brain but the challenge is to know which. Currently there are efficacious treatment targets only for few brain disorders, and there have been no systematic ways to identify these targets. Together with our colleagues in the North America, Europe and Australia, we are developing new techniques to identify these targets, and studying how brain stimulation changes brain function.Representative publications:

Kokkonen A*, Honkanen EA*, Corp DT, Joutsa J. Neurobiological effects of deep brain stimulation: A systematic review of molecular brain imaging studies. Neuroimage 2022;260:119473.

Tremblay S, Tuominen L, Zayed V, Pascual-Leone A, Joutsa J. The study of noninvasive brain stimulation using molecular brain imaging: A systematic review. NeuroImage 2020;219:117023

Joutsa J*, Shih LC*, Horn A, Reich MM, Wu O, Rost N, Fox MD. Identifying therapeutic targets from spontaneous beneficial brain lesions. Ann Neurol. 2018;84(1):153-7.

 

Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, which causes intermittent abnormal brain activity leading to epileptic seizures. The type and symptoms of an epileptic seizure depend on the affected brain region(s) but the abnormal activity can also spread across the whole brain (generalized seizures). Our current work aims to characterize which brain regions are critical for seizure generalization, and could be targeted with treatment. Representative publications:

Nordberg J, Schaper F, Bucci M, Nummenmaa L, Joutsa J. Brain lesion locations associated with secondary seizure generalisation. Hum Brain Mapp 2023

Joutsa J, Rinne JO, Hermann B, Karrasch M, Anttinen A, Shinnar S, Sillanpää M. Association between childhood-onset epilepsy and amyloid burden 5 decades later. JAMA Neurology 2017;74(5):583-90.